Global Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Market Research Report 2024

Table of Contents

 1 Report Overview
    1.1 Study Scope
    1.2 Market Analysis by Type
        1.2.1 Global Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Market Size Growth Rate by Type: 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030
        1.2.2 Wheel Inspection
        1.2.3 Axle Box Inspection
        1.2.4 Pantograph Inspection
        1.2.5 Body Inspection
        1.2.6 Compartment Inspection
        1.2.7 Other
    1.3 Market by Application
        1.3.1 Global Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Market Growth by Application: 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030
        1.3.2 Traditional Railway
        1.3.3 High-speed Railway
        1.3.4 Urban Railway
    1.4 Assumptions and Limitations
    1.5 Study Objectives
    1.6 Years Considered

 2 Global Growth Trends
    2.1 Global Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Market Perspective (2019-2030)
    2.2 Global Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Growth Trends by Region
        2.2.1 Global Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Market Size by Region: 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030
        2.2.2 Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Historic Market Size by Region (2019-2024)
        2.2.3 Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Forecasted Market Size by Region (2025-2030)
    2.3 Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Market Dynamics
        2.3.1 Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Industry Trends
        2.3.2 Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Market Drivers
        2.3.3 Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Market Challenges
        2.3.4 Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Market Restraints

 3 Competition Landscape by Key Players
    3.1 Global Top Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Players by Revenue
        3.1.1 Global Top Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Players by Revenue (2019-2024)
        3.1.2 Global Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Revenue Market Share by Players (2019-2024)
    3.2 Global Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Market Share by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2, and Tier 3)
    3.3 Global Key Players Ranking by Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Revenue
    3.4 Global Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Market Concentration Ratio
        3.4.1 Global Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Market Concentration Ratio (CR5 and HHI)
        3.4.2 Global Top 10 and Top 5 Companies by Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Revenue in 2023
    3.5 Global Key Players of Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Head office and Area Served
    3.6 Global Key Players of Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring, Product and Application
    3.7 Global Key Players of Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring, Date of Enter into This Industry
    3.8 Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion Plans

 4 Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Breakdown Data by Type
    4.1 Global Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Historic Market Size by Type (2019-2024)
    4.2 Global Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Forecasted Market Size by Type (2025-2030)

 5 Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Breakdown Data by Application
    5.1 Global Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Historic Market Size by Application (2019-2024)
    5.2 Global Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Forecasted Market Size by Application (2025-2030)

 6 North America
    6.1 North America Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Market Size (2019-2030)
    6.2 North America Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Market Growth Rate by Country: 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030
    6.3 North America Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Market Size by Country (2019-2024)
    6.4 North America Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Market Size by Country (2025-2030)
    6.5 United States
    6.6 Canada

 7 Europe
    7.1 Europe Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Market Size (2019-2030)
    7.2 Europe Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Market Growth Rate by Country: 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030
    7.3 Europe Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Market Size by Country (2019-2024)
    7.4 Europe Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Market Size by Country (2025-2030)
    7.5 Germany
    7.6 France
    7.7 U.K.
    7.8 Italy
    7.9 Russia
    7.10 Nordic Countries

 8 Asia-Pacific
    8.1 Asia-Pacific Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Market Size (2019-2030)
    8.2 Asia-Pacific Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Market Growth Rate by Country: 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030
    8.3 Asia-Pacific Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Market Size by Region (2019-2024)
    8.4 Asia-Pacific Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Market Size by Region (2025-2030)
    8.5 China
    8.6 Japan
    8.7 South Korea
    8.8 Southeast Asia
    8.9 India
    8.10 Australia

 9 Latin America
    9.1 Latin America Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Market Size (2019-2030)
    9.2 Latin America Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Market Growth Rate by Country: 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030
    9.3 Latin America Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Market Size by Country (2019-2024)
    9.4 Latin America Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Market Size by Country (2025-2030)
    9.5 Mexico
    9.6 Brazil

 10 Middle East & Africa
    10.1 Middle East & Africa Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Market Size (2019-2030)
    10.2 Middle East & Africa Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Market Growth Rate by Country: 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030
    10.3 Middle East & Africa Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Market Size by Country (2019-2024)
    10.4 Middle East & Africa Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Market Size by Country (2025-2030)
    10.5 Turkey
    10.6 Saudi Arabia
    10.7 UAE

 11 Key Players Profiles
    11.1 SCLEAD
        11.1.1 SCLEAD Company Details
        11.1.2 SCLEAD Business Overview
        11.1.3 SCLEAD Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Introduction
        11.1.4 SCLEAD Revenue in Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Business (2019-2024)
        11.1.5 SCLEAD Recent Development
    11.2 Chengdu Yunda
        11.2.1 Chengdu Yunda Company Details
        11.2.2 Chengdu Yunda Business Overview
        11.2.3 Chengdu Yunda Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Introduction
        11.2.4 Chengdu Yunda Revenue in Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Business (2019-2024)
        11.2.5 Chengdu Yunda Recent Development
    11.3 DB Netz Agil
        11.3.1 DB Netz Agil Company Details
        11.3.2 DB Netz Agil Business Overview
        11.3.3 DB Netz Agil Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Introduction
        11.3.4 DB Netz Agil Revenue in Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Business (2019-2024)
        11.3.5 DB Netz Agil Recent Development
    11.4 CHSR
        11.4.1 CHSR Company Details
        11.4.2 CHSR Business Overview
        11.4.3 CHSR Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Introduction
        11.4.4 CHSR Revenue in Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Business (2019-2024)
        11.4.5 CHSR Recent Development
    11.5 Wabtec
        11.5.1 Wabtec Company Details
        11.5.2 Wabtec Business Overview
        11.5.3 Wabtec Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Introduction
        11.5.4 Wabtec Revenue in Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Business (2019-2024)
        11.5.5 Wabtec Recent Development
    11.6 Harbin VEIC Technology Co
        11.6.1 Harbin VEIC Technology Co Company Details
        11.6.2 Harbin VEIC Technology Co Business Overview
        11.6.3 Harbin VEIC Technology Co Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Introduction
        11.6.4 Harbin VEIC Technology Co Revenue in Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Business (2019-2024)
        11.6.5 Harbin VEIC Technology Co Recent Development
    11.7 MERMEC S.p.A.
        11.7.1 MERMEC S.p.A. Company Details
        11.7.2 MERMEC S.p.A. Business Overview
        11.7.3 MERMEC S.p.A. Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Introduction
        11.7.4 MERMEC S.p.A. Revenue in Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Business (2019-2024)
        11.7.5 MERMEC S.p.A. Recent Development
    11.8 Beijing Ctrowell Technology Corporation
        11.8.1 Beijing Ctrowell Technology Corporation Company Details
        11.8.2 Beijing Ctrowell Technology Corporation Business Overview
        11.8.3 Beijing Ctrowell Technology Corporation Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Introduction
        11.8.4 Beijing Ctrowell Technology Corporation Revenue in Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Business (2019-2024)
        11.8.5 Beijing Ctrowell Technology Corporation Recent Development
    11.9 Harbin Kejia
        11.9.1 Harbin Kejia Company Details
        11.9.2 Harbin Kejia Business Overview
        11.9.3 Harbin Kejia Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Introduction
        11.9.4 Harbin Kejia Revenue in Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Business (2019-2024)
        11.9.5 Harbin Kejia Recent Development
    11.10 NILES-SIMMONS-HEGENSCHEIDT GmbH
        11.10.1 NILES-SIMMONS-HEGENSCHEIDT GmbH Company Details
        11.10.2 NILES-SIMMONS-HEGENSCHEIDT GmbH Business Overview
        11.10.3 NILES-SIMMONS-HEGENSCHEIDT GmbH Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Introduction
        11.10.4 NILES-SIMMONS-HEGENSCHEIDT GmbH Revenue in Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Business (2019-2024)
        11.10.5 NILES-SIMMONS-HEGENSCHEIDT GmbH Recent Development
    11.11 Huangshi Bangke Technology
        11.11.1 Huangshi Bangke Technology Company Details
        11.11.2 Huangshi Bangke Technology Business Overview
        11.11.3 Huangshi Bangke Technology Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Introduction
        11.11.4 Huangshi Bangke Technology Revenue in Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Business (2019-2024)
        11.11.5 Huangshi Bangke Technology Recent Development
    11.12 Beijing Dinghan Technology Group Co
        11.12.1 Beijing Dinghan Technology Group Co Company Details
        11.12.2 Beijing Dinghan Technology Group Co Business Overview
        11.12.3 Beijing Dinghan Technology Group Co Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Introduction
        11.12.4 Beijing Dinghan Technology Group Co Revenue in Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Business (2019-2024)
        11.12.5 Beijing Dinghan Technology Group Co Recent Development
    11.13 ENSCO
        11.13.1 ENSCO Company Details
        11.13.2 ENSCO Business Overview
        11.13.3 ENSCO Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Introduction
        11.13.4 ENSCO Revenue in Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Business (2019-2024)
        11.13.5 ENSCO Recent Development
    11.14 Tangshan Baichuan
        11.14.1 Tangshan Baichuan Company Details
        11.14.2 Tangshan Baichuan Business Overview
        11.14.3 Tangshan Baichuan Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Introduction
        11.14.4 Tangshan Baichuan Revenue in Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Business (2019-2024)
        11.14.5 Tangshan Baichuan Recent Development
    11.15 Hexagon AB
        11.15.1 Hexagon AB Company Details
        11.15.2 Hexagon AB Business Overview
        11.15.3 Hexagon AB Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Introduction
        11.15.4 Hexagon AB Revenue in Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Business (2019-2024)
        11.15.5 Hexagon AB Recent Development
    11.16 ELAG Elektronik AG
        11.16.1 ELAG Elektronik AG Company Details
        11.16.2 ELAG Elektronik AG Business Overview
        11.16.3 ELAG Elektronik AG Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Introduction
        11.16.4 ELAG Elektronik AG Revenue in Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Business (2019-2024)
        11.16.5 ELAG Elektronik AG Recent Development
    11.17 Greenwood Engineerin
        11.17.1 Greenwood Engineerin Company Details
        11.17.2 Greenwood Engineerin Business Overview
        11.17.3 Greenwood Engineerin Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Introduction
        11.17.4 Greenwood Engineerin Revenue in Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Business (2019-2024)
        11.17.5 Greenwood Engineerin Recent Development
    11.18 Goldschmidt Holding
        11.18.1 Goldschmidt Holding Company Details
        11.18.2 Goldschmidt Holding Business Overview
        11.18.3 Goldschmidt Holding Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Introduction
        11.18.4 Goldschmidt Holding Revenue in Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Business (2019-2024)
        11.18.5 Goldschmidt Holding Recent Development
    11.19 Patil Group（ApnaTech）
        11.19.1 Patil Group（ApnaTech） Company Details
        11.19.2 Patil Group（ApnaTech） Business Overview
        11.19.3 Patil Group（ApnaTech） Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Introduction
        11.19.4 Patil Group（ApnaTech） Revenue in Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Business (2019-2024)
        11.19.5 Patil Group（ApnaTech） Recent Development
    11.20 KYOWA ELECTRONIC INSTRUMENTS
        11.20.1 KYOWA ELECTRONIC INSTRUMENTS Company Details
        11.20.2 KYOWA ELECTRONIC INSTRUMENTS Business Overview
        11.20.3 KYOWA ELECTRONIC INSTRUMENTS Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Introduction
        11.20.4 KYOWA ELECTRONIC INSTRUMENTS Revenue in Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Business (2019-2024)
        11.20.5 KYOWA ELECTRONIC INSTRUMENTS Recent Development
    11.21 Luster Lighttech Co
        11.21.1 Luster Lighttech Co Company Details
        11.21.2 Luster Lighttech Co Business Overview
        11.21.3 Luster Lighttech Co Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Introduction
        11.21.4 Luster Lighttech Co Revenue in Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Business (2019-2024)
        11.21.5 Luster Lighttech Co Recent Development
    11.22 Riftek
        11.22.1 Riftek Company Details
        11.22.2 Riftek Business Overview
        11.22.3 Riftek Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Introduction
        11.22.4 Riftek Revenue in Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Business (2019-2024)
        11.22.5 Riftek Recent Development
    11.23 Chengdu TangYuan Electric Co
        11.23.1 Chengdu TangYuan Electric Co Company Details
        11.23.2 Chengdu TangYuan Electric Co Business Overview
        11.23.3 Chengdu TangYuan Electric Co Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Introduction
        11.23.4 Chengdu TangYuan Electric Co Revenue in Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Business (2019-2024)
        11.23.5 Chengdu TangYuan Electric Co Recent Development
    11.24 Xiangyang Gotoo
        11.24.1 Xiangyang Gotoo Company Details
        11.24.2 Xiangyang Gotoo Business Overview
        11.24.3 Xiangyang Gotoo Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Introduction
        11.24.4 Xiangyang Gotoo Revenue in Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Business (2019-2024)
        11.24.5 Xiangyang Gotoo Recent Development
    11.25 Paragon Instrumentation Engineers Pvt. Ltd. (PIE)
        11.25.1 Paragon Instrumentation Engineers Pvt. Ltd. (PIE) Company Details
        11.25.2 Paragon Instrumentation Engineers Pvt. Ltd. (PIE) Business Overview
        11.25.3 Paragon Instrumentation Engineers Pvt. Ltd. (PIE) Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Introduction
        11.25.4 Paragon Instrumentation Engineers Pvt. Ltd. (PIE) Revenue in Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Business (2019-2024)
        11.25.5 Paragon Instrumentation Engineers Pvt. Ltd. (PIE) Recent Development
    11.26 Beijing Jingce Heli
        11.26.1 Beijing Jingce Heli Company Details
        11.26.2 Beijing Jingce Heli Business Overview
        11.26.3 Beijing Jingce Heli Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Introduction
        11.26.4 Beijing Jingce Heli Revenue in Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Business (2019-2024)
        11.26.5 Beijing Jingce Heli Recent Development
    11.27 SHINYEI KAISHA
        11.27.1 SHINYEI KAISHA Company Details
        11.27.2 SHINYEI KAISHA Business Overview
        11.27.3 SHINYEI KAISHA Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Introduction
        11.27.4 SHINYEI KAISHA Revenue in Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Business (2019-2024)
        11.27.5 SHINYEI KAISHA Recent Development
    11.28 Beijing Railway Institute of Mechanical Electrical Engineering Co
        11.28.1 Beijing Railway Institute of Mechanical Electrical Engineering Co Company Details
        11.28.2 Beijing Railway Institute of Mechanical Electrical Engineering Co Business Overview
        11.28.3 Beijing Railway Institute of Mechanical Electrical Engineering Co Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Introduction
        11.28.4 Beijing Railway Institute of Mechanical Electrical Engineering Co Revenue in Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Business (2019-2024)
        11.28.5 Beijing Railway Institute of Mechanical Electrical Engineering Co Recent Development
    11.29 ISVision(Hangzhou) Technology Co
        11.29.1 ISVision(Hangzhou) Technology Co Company Details
        11.29.2 ISVision(Hangzhou) Technology Co Business Overview
        11.29.3 ISVision(Hangzhou) Technology Co Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Introduction
        11.29.4 ISVision(Hangzhou) Technology Co Revenue in Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Business (2019-2024)
        11.29.5 ISVision(Hangzhou) Technology Co Recent Development
    11.30 Galaxy Electronic
        11.30.1 Galaxy Electronic Company Details
        11.30.2 Galaxy Electronic Business Overview
        11.30.3 Galaxy Electronic Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Introduction
        11.30.4 Galaxy Electronic Revenue in Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Business (2019-2024)
        11.30.5 Galaxy Electronic Recent Development
    11.31 Hangzhou Shenhao Technology Co
        11.31.1 Hangzhou Shenhao Technology Co Company Details
        11.31.2 Hangzhou Shenhao Technology Co Business Overview
        11.31.3 Hangzhou Shenhao Technology Co Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Introduction
        11.31.4 Hangzhou Shenhao Technology Co Revenue in Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Business (2019-2024)
        11.31.5 Hangzhou Shenhao Technology Co Recent Development

 12 Analyst's Viewpoints/Conclusions

 13 Appendix
    13.1 Research Methodology
        13.1.1 Methodology/Research Approach
            13.1.1.1 Research Programs/Design
            13.1.1.2 Market Size Estimation
            13.1.1.3 Market Breakdown and Data Triangulation
        13.1.2 Data Source
            13.1.2.1 Secondary Sources
            13.1.2.2 Primary Sources
    13.2 Author Details
    13.3 Disclaimer

Table of Figures

List of Tables
 Table 1. Global Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Market Size Growth Rate by Type (US$ Million): 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030
 Table 2. Key Players of Wheel Inspection
 Table 3. Key Players of Axle Box Inspection
 Table 4. Key Players of Pantograph Inspection
 Table 5. Key Players of Body Inspection
 Table 6. Key Players of Compartment Inspection
 Table 7. Key Players of Other
 Table 8. Global Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Market Size Growth by Application (US$ Million): 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030
 Table 9. Global Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Market Size by Region (US$ Million): 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030
 Table 10. Global Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Market Size by Region (2019-2024) & (US$ Million)
 Table 11. Global Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Market Share by Region (2019-2024)
 Table 12. Global Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Forecasted Market Size by Region (2025-2030) & (US$ Million)
 Table 13. Global Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Market Share by Region (2025-2030)
 Table 14. Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Market Trends
 Table 15. Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Market Drivers
 Table 16. Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Market Challenges
 Table 17. Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Market Restraints
 Table 18. Global Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Revenue by Players (2019-2024) & (US$ Million)
 Table 19. Global Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Market Share by Players (2019-2024)
 Table 20. Global Top Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Players by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2, and Tier 3) & (based on the Revenue in Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring as of 2023)
 Table 21. Ranking of Global Top Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Companies by Revenue (US$ Million) in 2023
 Table 22. Global 5 Largest Players Market Share by Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Revenue (CR5 and HHI) & (2019-2024)
 Table 23. Global Key Players of Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring, Headquarters and Area Served
 Table 24. Global Key Players of Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring, Product and Application
 Table 25. Global Key Players of Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring, Date of Enter into This Industry
 Table 26. Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion Plans
 Table 27. Global Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Market Size by Type (2019-2024) & (US$ Million)
 Table 28. Global Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Revenue Market Share by Type (2019-2024)
 Table 29. Global Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Forecasted Market Size by Type (2025-2030) & (US$ Million)
 Table 30. Global Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Revenue Market Share by Type (2025-2030)
 Table 31. Global Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Market Size by Application (2019-2024) & (US$ Million)
 Table 32. Global Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Revenue Market Share by Application (2019-2024)
 Table 33. Global Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Forecasted Market Size by Application (2025-2030) & (US$ Million)
 Table 34. Global Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Revenue Market Share by Application (2025-2030)
 Table 35. North America Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Market Size Growth Rate by Country (US$ Million): 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030
 Table 36. North America Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Market Size by Country (2019-2024) & (US$ Million)
 Table 37. North America Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Market Size by Country (2025-2030) & (US$ Million)
 Table 38. Europe Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Market Size Growth Rate by Country (US$ Million): 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030
 Table 39. Europe Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Market Size by Country (2019-2024) & (US$ Million)
 Table 40. Europe Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Market Size by Country (2025-2030) & (US$ Million)
 Table 41. Asia-Pacific Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Market Size Growth Rate by Country (US$ Million): 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030
 Table 42. Asia-Pacific Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Market Size by Region (2019-2024) & (US$ Million)
 Table 43. Asia-Pacific Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Market Size by Region (2025-2030) & (US$ Million)
 Table 44. Latin America Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Market Size Growth Rate by Country (US$ Million): 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030
 Table 45. Latin America Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Market Size by Country (2019-2024) & (US$ Million)
 Table 46. Latin America Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Market Size by Country (2025-2030) & (US$ Million)
 Table 47. Middle East & Africa Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Market Size Growth Rate by Country (US$ Million): 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030
 Table 48. Middle East & Africa Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Market Size by Country (2019-2024) & (US$ Million)
 Table 49. Middle East & Africa Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Market Size by Country (2025-2030) & (US$ Million)
 Table 50. SCLEAD Company Details
 Table 51. SCLEAD Business Overview
 Table 52. SCLEAD Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Product
 Table 53. SCLEAD Revenue in Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Business (2019-2024) & (US$ Million)
 Table 54. SCLEAD Recent Development
 Table 55. Chengdu Yunda Company Details
 Table 56. Chengdu Yunda Business Overview
 Table 57. Chengdu Yunda Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Product
 Table 58. Chengdu Yunda Revenue in Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Business (2019-2024) & (US$ Million)
 Table 59. Chengdu Yunda Recent Development
 Table 60. DB Netz Agil Company Details
 Table 61. DB Netz Agil Business Overview
 Table 62. DB Netz Agil Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Product
 Table 63. DB Netz Agil Revenue in Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Business (2019-2024) & (US$ Million)
 Table 64. DB Netz Agil Recent Development
 Table 65. CHSR Company Details
 Table 66. CHSR Business Overview
 Table 67. CHSR Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Product
 Table 68. CHSR Revenue in Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Business (2019-2024) & (US$ Million)
 Table 69. CHSR Recent Development
 Table 70. Wabtec Company Details
 Table 71. Wabtec Business Overview
 Table 72. Wabtec Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Product
 Table 73. Wabtec Revenue in Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Business (2019-2024) & (US$ Million)
 Table 74. Wabtec Recent Development
 Table 75. Harbin VEIC Technology Co Company Details
 Table 76. Harbin VEIC Technology Co Business Overview
 Table 77. Harbin VEIC Technology Co Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Product
 Table 78. Harbin VEIC Technology Co Revenue in Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Business (2019-2024) & (US$ Million)
 Table 79. Harbin VEIC Technology Co Recent Development
 Table 80. MERMEC S.p.A. Company Details
 Table 81. MERMEC S.p.A. Business Overview
 Table 82. MERMEC S.p.A. Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Product
 Table 83. MERMEC S.p.A. Revenue in Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Business (2019-2024) & (US$ Million)
 Table 84. MERMEC S.p.A. Recent Development
 Table 85. Beijing Ctrowell Technology Corporation Company Details
 Table 86. Beijing Ctrowell Technology Corporation Business Overview
 Table 87. Beijing Ctrowell Technology Corporation Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Product
 Table 88. Beijing Ctrowell Technology Corporation Revenue in Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Business (2019-2024) & (US$ Million)
 Table 89. Beijing Ctrowell Technology Corporation Recent Development
 Table 90. Harbin Kejia Company Details
 Table 91. Harbin Kejia Business Overview
 Table 92. Harbin Kejia Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Product
 Table 93. Harbin Kejia Revenue in Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Business (2019-2024) & (US$ Million)
 Table 94. Harbin Kejia Recent Development
 Table 95. NILES-SIMMONS-HEGENSCHEIDT GmbH Company Details
 Table 96. NILES-SIMMONS-HEGENSCHEIDT GmbH Business Overview
 Table 97. NILES-SIMMONS-HEGENSCHEIDT GmbH Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Product
 Table 98. NILES-SIMMONS-HEGENSCHEIDT GmbH Revenue in Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Business (2019-2024) & (US$ Million)
 Table 99. NILES-SIMMONS-HEGENSCHEIDT GmbH Recent Development
 Table 100. Huangshi Bangke Technology Company Details
 Table 101. Huangshi Bangke Technology Business Overview
 Table 102. Huangshi Bangke Technology Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Product
 Table 103. Huangshi Bangke Technology Revenue in Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Business (2019-2024) & (US$ Million)
 Table 104. Huangshi Bangke Technology Recent Development
 Table 105. Beijing Dinghan Technology Group Co Company Details
 Table 106. Beijing Dinghan Technology Group Co Business Overview
 Table 107. Beijing Dinghan Technology Group Co Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Product
 Table 108. Beijing Dinghan Technology Group Co Revenue in Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Business (2019-2024) & (US$ Million)
 Table 109. Beijing Dinghan Technology Group Co Recent Development
 Table 110. ENSCO Company Details
 Table 111. ENSCO Business Overview
 Table 112. ENSCO Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Product
 Table 113. ENSCO Revenue in Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Business (2019-2024) & (US$ Million)
 Table 114. ENSCO Recent Development
 Table 115. Tangshan Baichuan Company Details
 Table 116. Tangshan Baichuan Business Overview
 Table 117. Tangshan Baichuan Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Product
 Table 118. Tangshan Baichuan Revenue in Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Business (2019-2024) & (US$ Million)
 Table 119. Tangshan Baichuan Recent Development
 Table 120. Hexagon AB Company Details
 Table 121. Hexagon AB Business Overview
 Table 122. Hexagon AB Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Product
 Table 123. Hexagon AB Revenue in Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Business (2019-2024) & (US$ Million)
 Table 124. Hexagon AB Recent Development
 Table 125. ELAG Elektronik AG Company Details
 Table 126. ELAG Elektronik AG Business Overview
 Table 127. ELAG Elektronik AG Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Product
 Table 128. ELAG Elektronik AG Revenue in Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Business (2019-2024) & (US$ Million)
 Table 129. ELAG Elektronik AG Recent Development
 Table 130. Greenwood Engineerin Company Details
 Table 131. Greenwood Engineerin Business Overview
 Table 132. Greenwood Engineerin Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Product
 Table 133. Greenwood Engineerin Revenue in Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Business (2019-2024) & (US$ Million)
 Table 134. Greenwood Engineerin Recent Development
 Table 135. Goldschmidt Holding Company Details
 Table 136. Goldschmidt Holding Business Overview
 Table 137. Goldschmidt Holding Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Product
 Table 138. Goldschmidt Holding Revenue in Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Business (2019-2024) & (US$ Million)
 Table 139. Goldschmidt Holding Recent Development
 Table 140. Patil Group（ApnaTech） Company Details
 Table 141. Patil Group（ApnaTech） Business Overview
 Table 142. Patil Group（ApnaTech） Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Product
 Table 143. Patil Group（ApnaTech） Revenue in Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Business (2019-2024) & (US$ Million)
 Table 144. Patil Group（ApnaTech） Recent Development
 Table 145. KYOWA ELECTRONIC INSTRUMENTS Company Details
 Table 146. KYOWA ELECTRONIC INSTRUMENTS Business Overview
 Table 147. KYOWA ELECTRONIC INSTRUMENTS Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Product
 Table 148. KYOWA ELECTRONIC INSTRUMENTS Revenue in Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Business (2019-2024) & (US$ Million)
 Table 149. KYOWA ELECTRONIC INSTRUMENTS Recent Development
 Table 150. Luster Lighttech Co Company Details
 Table 151. Luster Lighttech Co Business Overview
 Table 152. Luster Lighttech Co Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Product
 Table 153. Luster Lighttech Co Revenue in Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Business (2019-2024) & (US$ Million)
 Table 154. Luster Lighttech Co Recent Development
 Table 155. Riftek Company Details
 Table 156. Riftek Business Overview
 Table 157. Riftek Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Product
 Table 158. Riftek Revenue in Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Business (2019-2024) & (US$ Million)
 Table 159. Riftek Recent Development
 Table 160. Chengdu TangYuan Electric Co Company Details
 Table 161. Chengdu TangYuan Electric Co Business Overview
 Table 162. Chengdu TangYuan Electric Co Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Product
 Table 163. Chengdu TangYuan Electric Co Revenue in Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Business (2019-2024) & (US$ Million)
 Table 164. Chengdu TangYuan Electric Co Recent Development
 Table 165. Xiangyang Gotoo Company Details
 Table 166. Xiangyang Gotoo Business Overview
 Table 167. Xiangyang Gotoo Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Product
 Table 168. Xiangyang Gotoo Revenue in Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Business (2019-2024) & (US$ Million)
 Table 169. Xiangyang Gotoo Recent Development
 Table 170. Paragon Instrumentation Engineers Pvt. Ltd. (PIE) Company Details
 Table 171. Paragon Instrumentation Engineers Pvt. Ltd. (PIE) Business Overview
 Table 172. Paragon Instrumentation Engineers Pvt. Ltd. (PIE) Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Product
 Table 173. Paragon Instrumentation Engineers Pvt. Ltd. (PIE) Revenue in Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Business (2019-2024) & (US$ Million)
 Table 174. Paragon Instrumentation Engineers Pvt. Ltd. (PIE) Recent Development
 Table 175. Beijing Jingce Heli Company Details
 Table 176. Beijing Jingce Heli Business Overview
 Table 177. Beijing Jingce Heli Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Product
 Table 178. Beijing Jingce Heli Revenue in Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Business (2019-2024) & (US$ Million)
 Table 179. Beijing Jingce Heli Recent Development
 Table 180. SHINYEI KAISHA Company Details
 Table 181. SHINYEI KAISHA Business Overview
 Table 182. SHINYEI KAISHA Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Product
 Table 183. SHINYEI KAISHA Revenue in Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Business (2019-2024) & (US$ Million)
 Table 184. SHINYEI KAISHA Recent Development
 Table 185. Beijing Railway Institute of Mechanical Electrical Engineering Co Company Details
 Table 186. Beijing Railway Institute of Mechanical Electrical Engineering Co Business Overview
 Table 187. Beijing Railway Institute of Mechanical Electrical Engineering Co Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Product
 Table 188. Beijing Railway Institute of Mechanical Electrical Engineering Co Revenue in Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Business (2019-2024) & (US$ Million)
 Table 189. Beijing Railway Institute of Mechanical Electrical Engineering Co Recent Development
 Table 190. ISVision(Hangzhou) Technology Co Company Details
 Table 191. ISVision(Hangzhou) Technology Co Business Overview
 Table 192. ISVision(Hangzhou) Technology Co Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Product
 Table 193. ISVision(Hangzhou) Technology Co Revenue in Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Business (2019-2024) & (US$ Million)
 Table 194. ISVision(Hangzhou) Technology Co Recent Development
 Table 195. Galaxy Electronic Company Details
 Table 196. Galaxy Electronic Business Overview
 Table 197. Galaxy Electronic Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Product
 Table 198. Galaxy Electronic Revenue in Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Business (2019-2024) & (US$ Million)
 Table 199. Galaxy Electronic Recent Development
 Table 200. Hangzhou Shenhao Technology Co Company Details
 Table 201. Hangzhou Shenhao Technology Co Business Overview
 Table 202. Hangzhou Shenhao Technology Co Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Product
 Table 203. Hangzhou Shenhao Technology Co Revenue in Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Business (2019-2024) & (US$ Million)
 Table 204. Hangzhou Shenhao Technology Co Recent Development
 Table 205. Research Programs/Design for This Report
 Table 206. Key Data Information from Secondary Sources
 Table 207. Key Data Information from Primary Sources
 Table 208. Authors List of This Report


List of Figures
 Figure 1. Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Picture
 Figure 2. Global Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Market Size Comparison by Type (2024-2030) & (US$ Million)
 Figure 3. Global Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Market Share by Type: 2023 VS 2030
 Figure 4. Wheel Inspection Features
 Figure 5. Axle Box Inspection Features
 Figure 6. Pantograph Inspection Features
 Figure 7. Body Inspection Features
 Figure 8. Compartment Inspection Features
 Figure 9. Other Features
 Figure 10. Global Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Market Size by Application (2024-2030) & (US$ Million)
 Figure 11. Global Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Market Share by Application: 2023 VS 2030
 Figure 12. Traditional Railway Case Studies
 Figure 13. High-speed Railway Case Studies
 Figure 14. Urban Railway Case Studies
 Figure 15. Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Report Years Considered
 Figure 16. Global Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Market Size (US$ Million), Year-over-Year: 2019-2030
 Figure 17. Global Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Market Size, (US$ Million), 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030
 Figure 18. Global Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Market Share by Region: 2023 VS 2030
 Figure 19. Global Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Market Share by Players in 2023
 Figure 20. Global Top Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Players by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2, and Tier 3) & (based on the Revenue in Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring as of 2023)
 Figure 21. The Top 10 and 5 Players Market Share by Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Revenue in 2023
 Figure 22. North America Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Market Size YoY Growth (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
 Figure 23. North America Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Market Share by Country (2019-2030)
 Figure 24. United States Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Market Size YoY Growth (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
 Figure 25. Canada Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Market Size YoY Growth (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
 Figure 26. Europe Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Market Size YoY Growth (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
 Figure 27. Europe Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Market Share by Country (2019-2030)
 Figure 28. Germany Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Market Size YoY Growth (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
 Figure 29. France Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Market Size YoY Growth (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
 Figure 30. U.K. Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Market Size YoY Growth (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
 Figure 31. Italy Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Market Size YoY Growth (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
 Figure 32. Russia Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Market Size YoY Growth (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
 Figure 33. Nordic Countries Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Market Size YoY Growth (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
 Figure 34. Asia-Pacific Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Market Size YoY Growth (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
 Figure 35. Asia-Pacific Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Market Share by Region (2019-2030)
 Figure 36. China Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Market Size YoY Growth (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
 Figure 37. Japan Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Market Size YoY Growth (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
 Figure 38. South Korea Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Market Size YoY Growth (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
 Figure 39. Southeast Asia Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Market Size YoY Growth (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
 Figure 40. India Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Market Size YoY Growth (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
 Figure 41. Australia Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Market Size YoY Growth (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
 Figure 42. Latin America Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Market Size YoY Growth (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
 Figure 43. Latin America Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Market Share by Country (2019-2030)
 Figure 44. Mexico Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Market Size YoY Growth (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
 Figure 45. Brazil Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Market Size YoY Growth (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
 Figure 46. Middle East & Africa Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Market Size YoY Growth (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
 Figure 47. Middle East & Africa Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Market Share by Country (2019-2030)
 Figure 48. Turkey Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Market Size YoY Growth (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
 Figure 49. Saudi Arabia Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Market Size YoY Growth (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
 Figure 50. UAE Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Market Size YoY Growth (2019-2030) & (US$ Million)
 Figure 51. SCLEAD Revenue Growth Rate in Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Business (2019-2024)
 Figure 52. Chengdu Yunda Revenue Growth Rate in Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Business (2019-2024)
 Figure 53. DB Netz Agil Revenue Growth Rate in Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Business (2019-2024)
 Figure 54. CHSR Revenue Growth Rate in Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Business (2019-2024)
 Figure 55. Wabtec Revenue Growth Rate in Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Business (2019-2024)
 Figure 56. Harbin VEIC Technology Co Revenue Growth Rate in Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Business (2019-2024)
 Figure 57. MERMEC S.p.A. Revenue Growth Rate in Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Business (2019-2024)
 Figure 58. Beijing Ctrowell Technology Corporation Revenue Growth Rate in Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Business (2019-2024)
 Figure 59. Harbin Kejia Revenue Growth Rate in Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Business (2019-2024)
 Figure 60. NILES-SIMMONS-HEGENSCHEIDT GmbH Revenue Growth Rate in Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Business (2019-2024)
 Figure 61. Huangshi Bangke Technology Revenue Growth Rate in Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Business (2019-2024)
 Figure 62. Beijing Dinghan Technology Group Co Revenue Growth Rate in Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Business (2019-2024)
 Figure 63. ENSCO Revenue Growth Rate in Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Business (2019-2024)
 Figure 64. Tangshan Baichuan Revenue Growth Rate in Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Business (2019-2024)
 Figure 65. Hexagon AB Revenue Growth Rate in Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Business (2019-2024)
 Figure 66. ELAG Elektronik AG Revenue Growth Rate in Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Business (2019-2024)
 Figure 67. Greenwood Engineerin Revenue Growth Rate in Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Business (2019-2024)
 Figure 68. Goldschmidt Holding Revenue Growth Rate in Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Business (2019-2024)
 Figure 69. Patil Group（ApnaTech） Revenue Growth Rate in Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Business (2019-2024)
 Figure 70. KYOWA ELECTRONIC INSTRUMENTS Revenue Growth Rate in Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Business (2019-2024)
 Figure 71. Luster Lighttech Co Revenue Growth Rate in Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Business (2019-2024)
 Figure 72. Riftek Revenue Growth Rate in Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Business (2019-2024)
 Figure 73. Chengdu TangYuan Electric Co Revenue Growth Rate in Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Business (2019-2024)
 Figure 74. Xiangyang Gotoo Revenue Growth Rate in Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Business (2019-2024)
 Figure 75. Paragon Instrumentation Engineers Pvt. Ltd. (PIE) Revenue Growth Rate in Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Business (2019-2024)
 Figure 76. Beijing Jingce Heli Revenue Growth Rate in Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Business (2019-2024)
 Figure 77. SHINYEI KAISHA Revenue Growth Rate in Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Business (2019-2024)
 Figure 78. Beijing Railway Institute of Mechanical Electrical Engineering Co Revenue Growth Rate in Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Business (2019-2024)
 Figure 79. ISVision(Hangzhou) Technology Co Revenue Growth Rate in Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Business (2019-2024)
 Figure 80. Galaxy Electronic Revenue Growth Rate in Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Business (2019-2024)
 Figure 81. Hangzhou Shenhao Technology Co Revenue Growth Rate in Railway Vehicle Inspection and Monitoring Business (2019-2024)
 Figure 82. Bottom-up and Top-down Approaches for This Report
 Figure 83. Data Triangulation
 Figure 84. Key Executives Interviewed